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À̵¥¿Ã·Î±â(ideology)´Â »çȸ, Á¤Ä¡ ¹× °æÁ¦Àû Ãø¸é¿¡¼­ ¼¼»óÀ» ¹Ù¶óº¸°í ´ëÀÀÇÏ´Â °ü³äÀÇ Ã¼°è¶ó°í º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. À̵¥¿Ã·Î±â¿¡¼­ ±× ³»¿ë¿¡ °¡Àå Å« ºñÁßÀ» Â÷ÁöÇϰí ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ¹Ù·Î ¿ì¸®°¡ ¸Ô°í »ç´Â ¹®Á¦, Áï °æÁ¦¿¡ °üÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Á¤Ä¡ÀÇ °èÀýÀÌ ´Ù°¡¿À¸é¼­ °¢ Á¤´çÀÌ Ç¥¹æÇÏ´Â À̵¥¿Ã·Î±â´Â ÁÂÆÄ, ¿ìÆÄ ȤÀº Áøº¸, º¸¼ö ¹× Áßµµ·Î ºÒ¸®¾îÁöÁö¸¸ ÀÌ·± ºÐ·ù¿¡ °¡Àå Å©°Ô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â °ÍÀº ÀÌ¹Ì ¾ð±ÞÇÑ ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ °æÁ¦ÀûÀÎ °¡Ä¡°üÀε¥ ÀÌ¿¡ µû¸¥ ºÐ·ù°¡ ¹Ù·Î »çȸÁÖÀÇ¿Í ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇÀÇ ¾ç±Ø´ÜÀ̰í ÀÌ µÎ °¡Áö À̵¥¿Ã·Î±â°¡ °¡Áø ´ÜÁ¡À» ¹ö¸®µÇ ÀåÁ¡À» ÃëÇÑ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁßµµÀû À̵¥¿Ã·Î±âÀÌ´Ù. 

 

18¼¼±â À¯·´¿¡¼­ ½ÃÀÛÇÑ »ê¾÷Çõ¸í°ú ¾Æ´ã ½º¹Ì½ºÀÇ ±¹ºÎ·ÐÀÇ ¿µÇâÀ¸·Î Àü ¼¼°è´Â À¯»ç ÀÌ·¡ °æÁ¦ÀûÀ¸·Î °¡Àå dz¿äÇÑ ¼¼»óÀ» °æÇèÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Âµ¥ ÀÌ´Â °æÁ¦È°µ¿ Áï ½ÃÀåÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯°¡ ÀüÁ¦°¡ µÇ´Â ¹ÎÁÖÁÖÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ üÁ¦°¡ ÇϳªÀÇ ±Ô¹üÀ¸·Î ¹Þ¾Æµé¿©Áö°Ô µÈ ÀÌÀ¯À̱⵵ Çß´Ù. ±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí Á¤Ä¡¼¼·ÂÀÇ ½ÃÀå °³ÀÔÀº 1884³â Ä® ¸¶¸£Å©½º¿Í ÇÁ¸®µå¸®È÷ ¿¨°Ö½ºÀÇ °ø»ê´ç ¼±¾ð¿¡¼­ ÁÖÀåÇÑ ÀÚº»°¡ °è±ÞÀÌ ³ëµ¿ÀÚ °è±ÞÀ» ÂøÃëÇÑ´Ù´Â °è±ÞÀÌ·ÐÀÌ ±× ±â¿øÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¸¶¸£Å©½º¿Í ¿¨°Ö½ºÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀº ±Ù´ë¿¡ µé¾î¿Í¼­ °è±ÞÀÌ·Ð ´ë½Å ºÎÀÇ ÆòµîÈ­ ½ÇÇöÀÌ »çȸÁ¤ÀǶó´Â °üÁ¡¿¡¼­ ±× ´çÀ§¼ºÀ» ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â ÁÂÆÄÀû Á¤Ä¡¼¼·Â, Áï »çȸÁÖÀÇ À̵¥¿Ã·Î±âÀÇ È®»êÀ¸·Î À̾îÁ³´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¿ª»çÀû °úÁ¤À» ÅëÇÏ¿© µÎ À̵¥¿Ã·Î±â°¡ °¡Áø ¹®Á¦Á¡À» ÇØ°áÇÑ´Ù´Â ¸íºÐÀÇ Á¤Ä¡Àû ÀνÄÀÌ ÁßµµÀû °æÁ¦°üÀÇ ÃâÇöÀ» °¡Á®¿Ô´Âµ¥ ÀÌ ÁßµµÀû °æÁ¦°üÀº Á¤Ä¡Àû ¹ÎÁÖüÁ¦¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â °Í°ú µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¼ÒÀ§ ¸»ÇÏ´Â ºÎÀÇ ºÒÆòµî ÇØ¼Ò°¡ »çȸÁ¤ÀÇÀÇ ½ÇÇöÀ̶ó´Â ¸íºÐÀ» ³»¼¼¿ö Á¤ºÎ°¡ Àû±ØÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÃÀå¿¡ °³ÀÔÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ±× Ư¡ÀÌ´Ù.    

 

±×·¯¸é ¿©±â¿¡¼­ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ »î¿¡ Àý´ëÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡°í ÀÖ´Â ÀÚÀ¯¿Í °æÁ¦Àû dz¿ä¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ ½ÃÀå°æÁ¦¿Í »çȸÁÖÀÇ °æÁ¦Ã¼Á¦ÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ» °£·«È÷ Á¤¸®ÇØ º»´Ù. 

 

ÀÌ µÎ °¡Áö °æÁ¦Ã¼Á¦ÀÇ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ Â÷ÀÌ´Â »ý»ê¼ö´ÜÀÇ º¸À¯ÀÚ°¡ ±¹°¡ ȤÀº ±Ç·ÂÁý´ÜÀÌ³Ä ¾Æ´Ï¸é °³ÀÎ(±â¾÷°¡, ÀÚº»°¡, ÀÚ¿µ¾÷ÀÚ È¤Àº ÀÏ¹Ý °³ÀÎ)ÀÌ³Ä ÀÌ´Ù. 

 

ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ ½ÃÀå°æÁ¦ üÁ¦´Â ÃàÀûµÈ ÀÚº»À» È®º¸ÇÑ ±â¾÷°¡ ȤÀº °³ÀÎÀÌ ¼ÒºñÀÚÀÇ ¼±È£°¡ ¹Ý¿µµÈ Á¦Ç°°ú ¼­ºñ½ºÀÇ »ý»êÀ» °æÁ¦ÀÇ ±Ù°£À¸·Î ÇÑ´Ù. ÃàÀûµÈ ÀÚº»Àº ½Å±â¼úÀÇ µµÀÔ°ú ´ë·® »ý»êÀ» À§ÇÑ ÅõÀÚ¸¦ °¡´ÉÄÉ Çϴµ¥ ¹«¾ùÀ» ¾ó¸¶³ª »ý»êÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡¸¦ Á¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¼ÒºñÀÚÀÇ ±Ç¸®ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÀÇ ½ÇÇöÀ» À§Çؼ­´Â ÀÚº»°¡¿Í ±â¾÷°¡ ¹× °³ÀÎÀÌ »ý»ê¼ö´ÜÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯±Ç°ú ±â¾÷ Ȱµ¿ÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ º¸Àå¹Þ´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ÀüÁ¦°¡ µÈ´Ù. ¼ÒºñÀÚÀÇ È£ÀÀÀ» È®º¸ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â ±â¾÷Àº ½ÃÀå¿¡¼­ »ç¶óÁö°í µû¶ó¼­ ¼ÒºñÀÚ°¡ ÀÚ¿øÀÇ ¹èºÐ¿¡ °¡Àå Å« ±Ç·ÂÀ» Çà»çÇÏ´Â °æÁ¦Ã¼Á¦°¡ µÈ´Ù. À̸¦ ¼ÒºñÀÚ ÁÖ±ÇÁÖÀÇ(consumer sovereignty)¶ó ÇÑ´Ù. 

 

ÀÌ¿¡ ºñÇØ »çȸÁÖÀÇ °æÁ¦Ã¼Á¦´Â »ý»ê¼ö´ÜÀÇ ±¹À¯È­¸¦ ÀüÁ¦·Î ÇÏ°í ¹«¾ùÀ» ¾ó¸¶³ª »ý»êÇÏ°í ¾ó¸¶ÀÇ °¡°ÝÀ¸·Î °ø±ÞÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ðµç °áÁ¤Àº Á¤ºÎ°¡ ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ¹®Á¦´Â ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î ½ÃÀå°æÁ¦ üÁ¦¿¡¼­ °¡´ÉÇÑ °¡°Ýü°è°¡ ¹«³ÊÁ® ¼ÒÀ§ ¸»ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¿ø¹èºÐÀ» À§ÇÑ °æÁ¦Àû °è»ê(Austrian School of EconomicsÀÇ economic calculation Âü°í)ÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ±× °á°ú ÀÌ °æÁ¦Ã¼Á¦´Â ¼ÒºñÀÚ°¡ ¿øÇÏ´Â ÀçÈ­¿Í ¼­ºñ½ºÀÇ »ý»êÀ» À§ÇÑ ÀûÀýÇÑ ÀÚ¿øÀÇ ¹èºÐÀ» ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÃàÀûµÈ ÀÚº»ÀÇ ³¶ºñ¿Í ºÎÀÇ Ã¢ÃâÀ» ÁÙ¿© Àü ±¹¹ÎÀÌ ´õ¿í °¡³­ÇØ Áö´Â °á°ú¸¦ ³º°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ »çȸÁÖÀÇ °æÁ¦Ã¼Á¦´Â ¹«¾ùÀ» ¾ó¸¶³ª »ý»êÇÏ´À³Ä¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤ÀÇ °á°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã¥ÀÓÀÌ °³ÀÎÀÇ ¸òÀÎ ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ ½ÃÀå°æÁ¦ üÁ¦¿Í´Â ´Þ¸® Á¤ºÎ±Ç·ÂÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ÃàÀûµÈ ÀÚº»ÀÇ ³¶ºñ ȤÀº ºñ´É·üÀû ¼ÒÁøÀ» °¡¼ÓÈ­½ÃŰ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹®Á¦ÀÌ´Ù. ¿¹ÄÁ´ë °¡´öµµ ½Å °øÇ× °Ç¼³ÀÇ ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤ ÁÖü°¡ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ±â¾÷ÀÏ °æ¿ì ÇØ´ç ±â¾÷ÀÌ ÆÄ»êÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÒÁöµµ ¸ð¸£´Â À§Çè ºÎ´ãÀ» ¾È°í ¸é¹ÐÇÑ Å¸´ç¼º Á¶»ç ¾øÀÌ ±× °áÁ¤À» ³»¸®´Â ÀÏÀº ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.    

  

¹®Á¦ÀÇ ÁßµµÀû °æÁ¦°ü, Áï ½ÃÀå°æÁ¦ üÁ¦¸¦ À¯ÁöÇ쵂 Á¤ºÎÀÇ ½ÃÀå±ÔÁ¦¸¦ ÁÖ ³»¿ëÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â À̵¥¿Ã·Î±â´Â ¾óÇÍ »ý°¢ÇÏ¸é µÎ °æÁ¦Ã¼Á¦ÀÇ ´ÜÁ¡À» ÇØ°áÇϰí ÀåÁ¡¸¸À» ÃëÇÑ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼­ ¸Å¿ì ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ. ±×·¯³ª ºÒÇàÇϰԵµ ÀÌ ÁßµµÆÄ ½ÃÀå °³ÀÔÁÖÀÇÀÚ´Â ºÎÀÇ Æòµî ½ÇÇöÀ» »çȸÁ¤ÀÇÀÇ ½ÇÇöÀ̶ó´Â ¸íºÐÀ¸·Î ½ÃÀå°æÁ¦Ã¼Á¦¸¦ °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î´Â »çȸÁÖÀÇ Ã¼Á¦·Î À̲ø¾î °£´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹®Á¦ÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½Àº ±× °úÁ¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸íÀÌ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ½ÇÁ¦·Î ºÒ¶õ¼­ Çõ¸í°úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ·Îº£½ºÇÇ¿¡¸£ÀÇ µ¶ÀçüÁ¦°¡ ½ÃµµÇÑ ½ÃÀå °£¿©ÀÇ »ç·ÊÀ̱⵵ ÇÏ´Ù.

 

°¡³­ÇÑ °èÃþ ´Ù¼öÀÇ ÁöÁö¸¦ ¾ò±â À§ÇÏ¿© ±×µé¿¡°Ô ´õ ¸¹Àº ¿ìÀ¯¸¦ °ø±ÞÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¿ìÀ¯ »ý»ê¾÷ÀÚ°¡ ½ÃÀå¿¡ °ø±ÞÇÏ´Â ¿ìÀ¯ °¡°ÝÀÇ »óÇÑÀ» ¼³Á¤Çß´Ù. ±×·±µ¥ ÀÌ ¾÷Á¾¿¡ Á¾»çÇÏ´Â ÇѰè±â¾÷Àº ±× °¡°ÝÀ¸·Î´Â ä»êÀÌ ¸ÂÁö ¾Ê¾Æ ¿ìÀ¯ »ý»êÀ» Æ÷±âÇÏ°í ´ë½Å º¸À¯Çϰí ÀÖ´Â »ý»ê¼ö´Ü(Á¥¼Ò¿Í »ì±Õ, ÀúÀå µîÀÇ ½Ã¼³)À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¹ÙÅÍ¿Í Ä¡Áî ȤÀº À°·ùÀÇ »ý»ê ÆÇ¸Å·Î »ç¾÷À» º¯°æÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±× °á°ú Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¿øÇß´ø ¿ìÀ¯ÀÇ °ø±ÞÀº ¿ÀÈ÷·Á Ãà¼ÒÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ¹®Á¦ÇذáÀ» À§ÇØ À̹ø¿£ ¿ìÀ¯ »ý»ê ¾÷ÀÚ¿¡°Ô °ø±ÞÇÏ´Â »ç·á¾÷ü¿Í ±âŸ ¿ø·á °ø±Þ¾÷üµé¿¡°Ôµµ ±× Á¦Ç° °¡°ÝÀÇ »óÇÑÁ¦¸¦ µµÀÔÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥ À̹ø¿¡µµ ÀÌ °¡°Ý±ÔÁ¦ÀÇ ´ë»óÀÎ ¿©·¯ ¾÷Á¾ÀÇ ÇÑ°è °ø±ÞÀÚ°¡ ¾ÕÀÇ ¿ìÀ¯ »ý»ê¾÷ÀÚ¿Í ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î »ý»êÀ» ÁÙÀÌ°Ô µÇ¾ú°í ±× °á°ú ±ÔÁ¦ÀÇ Æø°ú ¹üÀ§°¡ °è¼Ó È®´ë µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¼Òµæ ºÒÆòµî ÇØ¼Ò ȤÀº ƯÁ¤°èÃþÀÇ Áö¿ø°ú °°Àº Á¤Ä¡Àû ¹®Á¦ÇذáÀ» À§ÇÑ ÀÌ·± ¹æ½ÄÀÇ ½ÃÀå ±ÔÁ¦´Â Á¡Â÷ ¸ðµç ¾÷Á¾À¸·Î È®´ëµÇ°í ÀÌÀÇ Á¾ÂøÁ¡Àº Á¤ºÎ°¡ °á±¹ ¸ðµç ÀçÈ­ÀÇ »ý»ê°ú °¡°ÝÀ» ÅëÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ½ÇÁúÀûÀÎ »çȸÁÖÀÇ °æÁ¦Ã¼Á¦ÀÌ´Ù. 

   

ÀÌ·± Çö»óÀÇ À¯»çÇÑ »ç·ÊÀÇ Çϳª´Â ±× µ¿¾È Á¤ºÎ°¡ ½Ç½ÃÇÑ ºÎµ¿»ê Á¤Ã¥ÀÌ´Ù. ±Þ¼ÓÇÑ Àڻ갡°Ý »ó½ÂÀÇ ÁÖ ¿øÀÎÀÌ °úµµÇÑ ÅëÈ­·® Áõ°¡¿Í °ø±ÞºÎÁ·ÀÌ ±× ±Ùº» ¿øÀÎÀÓÀ» °£°úÇÏ°í °³Àΰú ±â¾÷°¡ÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î ±â¾÷ Ȱµ¿À» º¸ÀåÇÏ´Â ÀÚÀ¯½ÃÀåÀÇ ¿ø¸®¿¡ ¹ÝÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¦¿Í ¼¼Á¦µµÀÔÀ» ³»¿ëÀ¸·Î äÅÃÇÑ 25¹øÀÇ ½ÇÆÐÇÑ ºÎµ¿»ê ´ëÃ¥¿¡¼­ ±× Àü·Ê¸¦ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·± Á¤ºÎÀÇ ºÎµ¿»ê ´ëÃ¥Àº ±× ¹Ý´ëÀÇ Á¤Ä¡¼¼·ÂÀÌ ÃæºÐÇÑ ¾ïÁ¦·ÂÀ» ¹ßÈÖÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÇÑ ÁÖÅÃÀÇ ±¹À¯È­ ¹× ¹è±ÞÁ¦, ȤÀº ÀÌ¿Í À¯»çÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÇ ±¹¿µÃ¼Á¦·Î ¹ßÀüÇÒ °¡´É¼ºÀ» ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. 

 

°á·ÐÀº °æÁ¦Á¤Ã¥¿¡ °üÇÑ ÇÑ ÁßµµÆÄ, Áï Çü½Ä»ó ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ ½ÃÀå°æÁ¦ üÁ¦¸¦ À¯ÁöÇ쵂 ½ÃÀå°³ÀÔÀ» Á¤´çÈ­ÇÏ´Â À̵¥¿Ã·Î±â´Â ±× Á¾Âø¿ªÀÌ ¸ðµç »ý»ê¼ö´ÜÀ» Á¤ºÎ°¡ Àå¾ÇÇÏ°í ºÎÀÇ »ý»ê°ú ¹èºÐÀÌ Á¤ºÎÀÇ °èȹ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÁøÇàµÇ´Â »çȸÁÖÀÇ Ã¼Á¦·ÎÀÇ ÀÌÇàÀ» °á°úÇÑ´Ù. ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ´ç¸éÇÑ °úÁ¦´Â »çÀ¯Àç»êÁ¦ÀÇ À¯Áö¿Í ÀÚº»ÃàÀûÀ» ÀúÇØÇÏ´Â °úµµÇÑ Á¶¼¼Á¦µµÀÇ ¿ÏÈ­, ½Ç¾÷ÀÚ¸¦ Áõ°¡½ÃŰ´Â ÃÖÀúÀÓ±ÝÁ¦ ȤÀº ÁÖ 52 ½Ã°£ ±Ù¹«Á¦³ª °øÁ¤°æÁ¦ 3¹ý°ú °°Àº ½ÃÀå ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ ¾ø¾Ö´Â ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ ½ÃÀå °æÁ¦ üÁ¦ÀÇ ¼±ÅÃÀÌ³Ä ¾Æ´Ï¸é ÀÌ¹Ì ¿ª»çÀûÀ¸·Î Áõ¸íÀÌ µÈ, ±¸ ¼Ò·Ã°ú Áß°ø, ºÏÇÑÀÇ »ç·Ê¿¡¼­ º¸´Â ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ °æÁ¦Àû ºó°ïÈ­¸¦ °¡¼Ó½ÃŰ´Â »çȸÁÖÀÇ Ã¼Á¦À̳ÄÀÇ ¼±Åà ¹®Á¦ÀÌÁö ÁßµµÆÄÀÇ Á¸Àç°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. andrewkwlee@naver.com

 

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°æ¿µÇÐ ¹Ú»ç. MBA-American Graduate School of International management. ¿µ³²´ëÇб³ °´¿ø ±³¼ö. Finance Director-Çѱ¹È­ÀÌÀÚ(ÁÖ) CEO-BBX Korea.

 

*¾Æ·¡´Â À§ ±â»ç¸¦ ±¸±Û ¹ø¿ª±â·Î ¹ø¿ªÇÑ ¿µ¹® ±â»çÀÇ [Àü¹®]ÀÌ´Ù. [Below is the [full text] of an English article translated from the above article with Google Translate.]

 

As far as economic ideology is concerned, there are progressive-conservative-left-right, but no middle ground!

25 failed real estate countermeasures that adopted regulations and tax introduction contrary to the principle of free market

-Dr. Gilwon Lee

 

Ideology can be viewed as a system of ideas that sees and responds to the world in social, political and economic terms. What occupies the greatest weight in the content of the ideology is the problem of our eating and living, that is, the economy. As the political season approaches, the ideologies advocated by each party are called leftist, rightist or progressive, conservative and centered, but the most influencing this classification is economic values, as already mentioned, and the classification according to this is socialism and socialism. It is the extreme ideology of capitalism, and it is a central ideology to abandon the shortcomings of these two ideologies, but claim to take advantage of them.

 

The industrial revolution that began in Europe in the 18th century and the influence of Adam Smith's theory of national wealth have led the world to experience the most economically prosperous world since similarity. This is a democratic political system that presupposes economic activity, that is, market freedom. It was also the reason for being introduced. Nevertheless, political intervention in the market originated in the class theory of the exploitation of the working class by the capitalist class in the 1884 Communist Declaration of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. In the modern era, Marx and Engels' arguments led to the spread of socialist ideology, a left-wing political force that asserts its justification in terms of social justice instead of the realization of equalization of wealth instead of class theory. Through this historical process, the political perception on the grounds of solving the problems of the two ideologies has led to the emergence of a moderate economic view. This central economic view indicates that while maintaining a political democratic system, the so-called resolving inequality of wealth is the realization of social justice. It is characterized by the fact that the government must actively intervene in the market with a justification.

 

Then, here, we will briefly summarize the characteristics of the capitalist market economy and socialist economic system that affect freedom and economic abundance, which have an absolute influence on our lives.

 

The most important difference between these two economic systems is whether the holder of the means of production is a state or a power group or an individual (entrepreneur, capitalist, self-employed or ordinary individual).

 

The capitalist market economy system is based on the production of products and services that reflect consumer preferences by entrepreneurs or individuals who have secured accumulated capital. The accumulated capital allows the introduction of new technologies and investments for mass production, and it is the consumer's right to decide what to produce and how much. In order to realize this, the most important premise is that capitalists, entrepreneurs and individuals are guaranteed ownership of the means of production and freedom of business activities. Companies that do not secure consumer response disappear from the market and thus become an economic system in which consumers exercise the greatest power over the allocation of resources. This is called consumer sovereignty.

 

In contrast, the socialist economic system presupposes the nationalization of the means of production, and all decisions about what to produce and at what price are made by the government. The problem with this system is that the price system that is possible in a free market economy collapses, making the so-called economic calculation for resource allocation (see the economic calculation of the Austrian School of Economics) impossible. As a result, this economic system makes it impossible to allocate adequate resources for the production of goods and services desired by consumers, thereby reducing the waste of accumulated capital and the creation of wealth, resulting in the poorer of the whole people. In addition, unlike the capitalist market economy system, where individual responsibility for the outcome of decision-making on what and how much to produce, the socialist economic system is the power of the government, so it is a problem to accelerate the waste or inefficient exhaustion of accumulated capital. For example, if the decision-making body for the construction of the new airport in Gaduk Island is a company other than the government, it is impossible for the company to take the risk of causing bankruptcy and make that decision without a close feasibility study.

  

At first glance, the central economic view of the problem, that is, the ideology that maintains the market economy system but focuses on the government's market regulation, seems very reasonable in that it solves the shortcomings of the two economic systems and takes only the advantages. But unfortunately, this middle-of-the-way market interventionist is trying to The problem is that the market economy system is ultimately led to a socialist system in the name of realization of social justice. The following is a description of the process. This is actually an example of market involvement attempted by Robespierre's dictatorship during the French Revolution.

 

The government has set a cap on the price of milk supplied by milk producers to the market with the aim of supplying more milk to the poor to win the support of the majority of the poor. However, marginal companies engaged in this industry gave up milk production because their profits were not suitable for the price, and instead used the production means (facilities such as cows and sterilization, storage, etc.) to produce and sell barter, cheese or meat. I changed my business. As a result, the supply of milk that the government wanted was rather reduced. To solve this problem, this time, we introduced an upper limit on the price of the product to feed companies and other raw material suppliers that supply milk producers. Again, marginal suppliers of various industries subject to this price regulation do not control production like the previous milk producers. It was reduced, and as a result, the breadth and scope of the regulation continued to expand. Market regulation in this way to resolve political problems such as resolving income inequality or support from specific classes gradually expands to all sectors, and its end point is a practical socialist economic system in which the government eventually controls the production and prices of all goods.

   

One of the similar examples of this phenomenon is the real estate policy implemented by the government so far. 25 failed real estate countermeasures that overlook the root causes of the rapid rise in asset prices due to excessive increase in money supply and shortage of supply, and adopt regulations and tax introductions contrary to the principle of a free market that guarantees free business activities for individuals and entrepreneurs. You can see the precedent in. The government's real estate countermeasures cannot rule out the possibility of developing into a state-run system of nationalization and distribution of housing, or a similar form, unless the opposing political forces exert sufficient deterrence.

 

The conclusion is that as far as economic policy is concerned, the ideology that maintains a formal capitalist market economy system but justifies market intervention is socialism in which the government controls all means of production and the production and distribution of wealth is carried out by the government's plan. It results in the transition to the system. The challenge facing us is to choose a capitalist market economy system that eliminates market regulations such as the maintenance of the private property system and the easing of excessive tax systems that hinder capital accumulation, the minimum wage system that increases the unemployed, or the 52-hour workweek system or the 3rd Fair Economy Act. As seen in the cases of the former Soviet Union, the CCP, and North Korea, which have already been proven historically, it is a matter of choosing whether or not a socialist system accelerating economic poverty, not the existence of a center wave. andrewkwlee@naver.com

 

  *Writer/Kilwon Lee

 Doctor of Business Administration. MBA-American Graduate School of International management. Visiting professor at Yeungnam University. Finance Director-Pfizer Korea, CEO-BBX Korea.

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